Problem 087

How many numbers below fifty million are prime power triples (p1^2+p2^3+p3^4).

Answer1097343
Output1097343
StatusPASS
Native helperno
Runtime10 ms
Peak memory49984 KB
Time complexityO(n^2) (estimated)
Space complexityO(n) (estimated)

Performance comparison

MetricOur solutionBest known
Time complexityO(n^2)O(n log log n)
Space complexityO(n)O(n)
ApproachFlow solutionSieve of Eratosthenes
VerdictSuboptimal

Flow source

# Project Euler 087
# How many numbers below fifty million are prime power triples (p1^2+p2^3+p3^4).

extern {
    function calloc(n: i64, size: i64) -> ptr<void>
    function free(p: ptr<void>) -> void
}

function main() -> i32 {
    let limit: i64 = 50000000
    let plim: i32 = 8000  # sqrt(50e6)≈7071
    let sieve: ptr<i8> = calloc(plim as i64, 1)
    let primes: ptr<i32> = calloc(plim as i64, 4)
    if sieve == null || primes == null { return 1 }
    sieve[0] = 1
    sieve[1] = 1
    let mut p: i32 = 2
    while p * p < plim {
        if sieve[p] == 0 {
            let mut m: i32 = p * p
            while m < plim {
                sieve[m] = 1
                m = m + p
            }
        }
        p = p + 1
    }
    let mut pc: i32 = 0
    let mut i: i32 = 2
    while i < plim {
        if sieve[i] == 0 {
            primes[pc] = i
            pc = pc + 1
        }
        i = i + 1
    }

    let seen: ptr<i8> = calloc(limit, 1)
    if seen == null { return 1 }

    let mut count: i64 = 0
    let mut i4: i32 = 0
    while i4 < pc {
        let a: i64 = primes[i4] as i64
        let p4: i64 = a * a * a * a
        if p4 >= limit { break }
        let mut i3: i32 = 0
        while i3 < pc {
            let b: i64 = primes[i3] as i64
            let p3: i64 = b * b * b
            if p4 + p3 >= limit { break }
            let mut i2: i32 = 0
            while i2 < pc {
                let c: i64 = primes[i2] as i64
                let p2: i64 = c * c
                let v: i64 = p4 + p3 + p2
                if v >= limit { break }
                if seen[v] == 0 {
                    seen[v] = 1
                    count = count + 1
                }
                i2 = i2 + 1
            }
            i3 = i3 + 1
        }
        i4 = i4 + 1
    }
    printf("%lld\n", count)
    free(sieve)
    free(primes)
    free(seen)
    return 0
}

Generated C

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

/* Flow runtime helpers */
typedef struct flow_temp_node { struct flow_temp_node* next; } flow_temp_node;
static flow_temp_node* flow_temp_head = NULL;
static int flow_temp_atexit_set = 0;
__attribute__((unused)) static void flow_temp_free_all(void) {
    while (flow_temp_head) {
        flow_temp_node* n = flow_temp_head;
        flow_temp_head = n->next;
        free(n);
    }
}
__attribute__((unused)) static void* flow_temp_alloc(size_t nbytes) {
    flow_temp_node* node = (flow_temp_node*)malloc(sizeof(flow_temp_node) + nbytes);
    if (!node) return NULL;
    node->next = flow_temp_head;
    flow_temp_head = node;
    if (!flow_temp_atexit_set) {
        flow_temp_atexit_set = 1;
        atexit(flow_temp_free_all);
    }
    return (void*)(node + 1);
}
#ifndef FLOW_DIAG
#define FLOW_DIAG(msg) fprintf(stderr, "%s", (msg))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_LOG
#define FLOW_LOG(fmt, ...) printf(fmt, __VA_ARGS__)
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_LOG_EMPTY
#define FLOW_LOG_EMPTY(fmt) printf(fmt)
#endif
static char* flow_strcat(const char* a, const char* b) {
    size_t la = strlen(a ? a : ""), lb = strlen(b ? b : "");
    char* r = (char*)flow_temp_alloc(la + lb + 1);
    if (!r) return NULL;
    if (la) memcpy(r, a, la);
    if (lb) memcpy(r + la, b, lb);
    r[la + lb] = '\0';
    return r;
}

#define __flow_in_arr(arr, val) __extension__ ({ \
    int _found = 0; \
    size_t _n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof((arr)[0]); \
    for (size_t _i = 0; _i < _n; _i++) { \
        if ((arr)[_i] == (val)) { _found = 1; break; } \
    } _found; })

/* Unified fault handler (MISRA #279) — override with -DFLOW_FAULT_HANDLER=fn */
#ifndef FLOW_FAULT_HANDLER
__attribute__((unused)) static inline void flow_fault_handler(const char* msg) {
    fprintf(stderr, "flow: %s\n", msg ? msg : "fault");
    abort();
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
    __builtin_unreachable();
#endif
}
#else
#define flow_fault_handler FLOW_FAULT_HANDLER
#endif
#define flow_div_by_zero_handler() flow_fault_handler("division by zero")
#define flow_shift_ub_handler() flow_fault_handler("invalid shift (amount out of range or left-shift of negative)")

#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_DIV
#define FLOW_CHECKED_DIV(L, R) (((R) != 0) ? ((L) / (R)) : (flow_div_by_zero_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_MOD
#define FLOW_CHECKED_MOD(L, R) (((R) != 0) ? ((L) % (R)) : (flow_div_by_zero_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_SHL
#define FLOW_CHECKED_SHL(L, R) ((((R) >= 0) && ((unsigned long long)(R) < (sizeof(L) * 8ull)) && ((L) >= 0)) ? ((L) << (R)) : (flow_shift_ub_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_SHR
#define FLOW_CHECKED_SHR(L, R) ((((R) >= 0) && ((unsigned long long)(R) < (sizeof(L) * 8ull))) ? ((L) >> (R)) : (flow_shift_ub_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif

#include <math.h>

void* _ui_state = NULL;

static inline float i32_to_f32(int32_t v) { return (float)v; }

/* Host stub for @gpu kernels (device codegen replaces this). */
static inline int32_t gpu_thread_id(void) { return 0; }

int32_t main(void);



int32_t main(void) {
    int64_t limit = 50000000;
    int32_t plim = 8000;
    int8_t* sieve = (int8_t*)(calloc(((int64_t)(plim)), 1));
    int32_t* primes = (int32_t*)(calloc(((int64_t)(plim)), 4));
    if ((sieve == NULL || primes == NULL)) {
        return 1;
    }
    sieve[0] = 1;
    sieve[1] = 1;
    int32_t p = 2;
    while ((p * p) < plim) {
        if (sieve[p] == 0) {
            int32_t m = (p * p);
            while (m < plim) {
                sieve[m] = 1;
                m = (m + p);
            }
        }
        p = (p + 1);
    }
    int32_t pc = 0;
    int32_t i = 2;
    while (i < plim) {
        if (sieve[i] == 0) {
            primes[pc] = i;
            pc = (pc + 1);
        }
        i = (i + 1);
    }
    int8_t* seen = (int8_t*)(calloc(limit, 1));
    if (seen == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    int64_t count = 0;
    int32_t i4 = 0;
    while (i4 < pc) {
        int64_t a = ((int64_t)(primes[i4]));
        int64_t p4 = (((a * a) * a) * a);
        if (p4 >= limit) {
            break;
        }
        int32_t i3 = 0;
        while (i3 < pc) {
            int64_t b = ((int64_t)(primes[i3]));
            int64_t p3 = ((b * b) * b);
            if ((p4 + p3) >= limit) {
                break;
            }
            int32_t i2 = 0;
            while (i2 < pc) {
                int64_t c = ((int64_t)(primes[i2]));
                int64_t p2 = (c * c);
                int64_t v = ((p4 + p3) + p2);
                if (v >= limit) {
                    break;
                }
                if (seen[v] == 0) {
                    seen[v] = 1;
                    count = (count + 1);
                }
                i2 = (i2 + 1);
            }
            i3 = (i3 + 1);
        }
        i4 = (i4 + 1);
    }
    printf("%lld\n", count);
    free(sieve);
    free(primes);
    free(seen);
    return 0;
}

Generated MLIR

module {
  llvm.func @printf(!llvm.ptr, ...) -> i32
  llvm.mlir.global internal constant @str_0("%lld\n\00") {addr_space = 0 : i32} : !llvm.array<6 x i8>
  func.func private @calloc(i64, i64) -> !llvm.ptr
  func.func private @free(!llvm.ptr) -> ()
  func.func @main() -> i32 {
    %0 = arith.constant 50000000 : i32
    %1 = arith.extsi %0 : i32 to i64
    %2 = arith.constant 8000 : i32
    %4 = arith.extsi %2 : i32 to i64
    %5 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %6 = arith.extsi %5 : i32 to i64
    %3 = func.call @calloc(%4, %6) : (i64, i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    %8 = arith.extsi %2 : i32 to i64
    %9 = arith.constant 4 : i32
    %10 = arith.extsi %9 : i32 to i64
    %7 = func.call @calloc(%8, %10) : (i64, i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    %11 = llvm.mlir.zero : !llvm.ptr
    %12 = llvm.icmp "eq" %3, %11 : !llvm.ptr
    %13 = scf.if %12 -> (i1) {
      %14 = arith.constant true
      scf.yield %14 : i1
    } else {
      %15 = llvm.mlir.zero : !llvm.ptr
      %16 = llvm.icmp "eq" %7, %15 : !llvm.ptr
      scf.yield %16 : i1
    }
    cf.cond_br %13, ^bb0, ^bb1
    ^bb0:
      %17 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      func.return %17 : i32
    ^bb1:
      cf.br ^bb2
    ^bb2:
    %18 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %19 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %20 = arith.trunci %18 : i32 to i8
    %21 = arith.extsi %19 : i32 to i64
    %22 = llvm.getelementptr %3[%21] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
    llvm.store %20, %22 : i8, !llvm.ptr
    %23 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %24 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %25 = arith.trunci %23 : i32 to i8
    %26 = arith.extsi %24 : i32 to i64
    %27 = llvm.getelementptr %3[%26] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
    llvm.store %25, %27 : i8, !llvm.ptr
    %28 = arith.constant 2 : i32
    %29 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %30 = llvm.alloca %29 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %28, %30 : i32, !llvm.ptr
    cf.br ^bb3
    ^bb3:
    %31 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
    %32 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
    %33 = arith.muli %31, %32 : i32
    %34 = arith.cmpi slt, %33, %2 : i32
    cf.cond_br %34, ^bb4, ^bb5
    ^bb4:
      %36 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %37 = arith.extsi %36 : i32 to i64
      %38 = llvm.getelementptr %3[%37] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
      %35 = llvm.load %38 : !llvm.ptr -> i8
      %39 = arith.constant 0 : i32
      %41 = arith.extsi %35 : i8 to i32
      %40 = arith.cmpi eq, %41, %39 : i32
      cf.cond_br %40, ^bb6, ^bb7
      ^bb6:
        %42 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %43 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %44 = arith.muli %42, %43 : i32
        %45 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
        %46 = llvm.alloca %45 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
        llvm.store %44, %46 : i32, !llvm.ptr
        cf.br ^bb9
        ^bb9:
        %47 = llvm.load %46 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %48 = arith.cmpi slt, %47, %2 : i32
        cf.cond_br %48, ^bb10, ^bb11
        ^bb10:
          %49 = arith.constant 1 : i32
          %50 = llvm.load %46 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
          %51 = arith.trunci %49 : i32 to i8
          %52 = arith.extsi %50 : i32 to i64
          %53 = llvm.getelementptr %3[%52] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
          llvm.store %51, %53 : i8, !llvm.ptr
          %54 = llvm.load %46 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
          %55 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
          %56 = arith.addi %54, %55 : i32
          llvm.store %56, %46 : i32, !llvm.ptr
          cf.br ^bb9
        ^bb11:
        cf.br ^bb8
      ^bb7:
        cf.br ^bb8
      ^bb8:
      %57 = llvm.load %30 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %58 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %59 = arith.addi %57, %58 : i32
      llvm.store %59, %30 : i32, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb3
    ^bb5:
    %60 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %61 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %62 = llvm.alloca %61 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %60, %62 : i32, !llvm.ptr
    %63 = arith.constant 2 : i32
    %64 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %65 = llvm.alloca %64 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %63, %65 : i32, !llvm.ptr
    cf.br ^bb12
    ^bb12:
    %66 = llvm.load %65 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
    %67 = arith.cmpi slt, %66, %2 : i32
    cf.cond_br %67, ^bb13, ^bb14
    ^bb13:
      %69 = llvm.load %65 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %70 = arith.extsi %69 : i32 to i64
      %71 = llvm.getelementptr %3[%70] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
      %68 = llvm.load %71 : !llvm.ptr -> i8
      %72 = arith.constant 0 : i32
      %74 = arith.extsi %68 : i8 to i32
      %73 = arith.cmpi eq, %74, %72 : i32
      cf.cond_br %73, ^bb15, ^bb16
      ^bb15:
        %75 = llvm.load %65 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %76 = llvm.load %62 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %77 = arith.extsi %76 : i32 to i64
        %78 = llvm.getelementptr %7[%77] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i32
        llvm.store %75, %78 : i32, !llvm.ptr
        %79 = llvm.load %62 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %80 = arith.constant 1 : i32
        %81 = arith.addi %79, %80 : i32
        llvm.store %81, %62 : i32, !llvm.ptr
        cf.br ^bb17
      ^bb16:
        cf.br ^bb17
      ^bb17:
      %82 = llvm.load %65 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %83 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %84 = arith.addi %82, %83 : i32
      llvm.store %84, %65 : i32, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb12
    ^bb14:
    %86 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %87 = arith.extsi %86 : i32 to i64
    %85 = func.call @calloc(%1, %87) : (i64, i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    %88 = llvm.mlir.zero : !llvm.ptr
    %89 = llvm.icmp "eq" %85, %88 : !llvm.ptr
    cf.cond_br %89, ^bb18, ^bb19
    ^bb18:
      %90 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      func.return %90 : i32
    ^bb19:
      cf.br ^bb20
    ^bb20:
    %91 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %92 = arith.extsi %91 : i32 to i64
    %93 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %94 = llvm.alloca %93 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %92, %94 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    %95 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %96 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %97 = llvm.alloca %96 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %95, %97 : i32, !llvm.ptr
    cf.br ^bb21
    ^bb21:
    %98 = llvm.load %97 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
    %99 = llvm.load %62 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
    %100 = arith.cmpi slt, %98, %99 : i32
    cf.cond_br %100, ^bb22, ^bb23
    ^bb22:
      %102 = llvm.load %97 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %103 = arith.extsi %102 : i32 to i64
      %104 = llvm.getelementptr %7[%103] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i32
      %101 = llvm.load %104 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %105 = arith.extsi %101 : i32 to i64
      %106 = arith.muli %105, %105 : i64
      %107 = arith.muli %106, %105 : i64
      %108 = arith.muli %107, %105 : i64
      %109 = arith.cmpi sge, %108, %1 : i64
      cf.cond_br %109, ^bb24, ^bb25
      ^bb24:
        cf.br ^bb23
      ^bb25:
        cf.br ^bb26
      ^bb26:
      %110 = arith.constant 0 : i32
      %111 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
      %112 = llvm.alloca %111 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
      llvm.store %110, %112 : i32, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb27
      ^bb27:
      %113 = llvm.load %112 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %114 = llvm.load %62 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %115 = arith.cmpi slt, %113, %114 : i32
      cf.cond_br %115, ^bb28, ^bb29
      ^bb28:
        %117 = llvm.load %112 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %118 = arith.extsi %117 : i32 to i64
        %119 = llvm.getelementptr %7[%118] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i32
        %116 = llvm.load %119 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %120 = arith.extsi %116 : i32 to i64
        %121 = arith.muli %120, %120 : i64
        %122 = arith.muli %121, %120 : i64
        %123 = arith.addi %108, %122 : i64
        %124 = arith.cmpi sge, %123, %1 : i64
        cf.cond_br %124, ^bb30, ^bb31
        ^bb30:
          cf.br ^bb29
        ^bb31:
          cf.br ^bb32
        ^bb32:
        %125 = arith.constant 0 : i32
        %126 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
        %127 = llvm.alloca %126 x i32 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
        llvm.store %125, %127 : i32, !llvm.ptr
        cf.br ^bb33
        ^bb33:
        %128 = llvm.load %127 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %129 = llvm.load %62 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %130 = arith.cmpi slt, %128, %129 : i32
        cf.cond_br %130, ^bb34, ^bb35
        ^bb34:
          %132 = llvm.load %127 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
          %133 = arith.extsi %132 : i32 to i64
          %134 = llvm.getelementptr %7[%133] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i32
          %131 = llvm.load %134 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
          %135 = arith.extsi %131 : i32 to i64
          %136 = arith.muli %135, %135 : i64
          %137 = arith.addi %108, %122 : i64
          %138 = arith.addi %137, %136 : i64
          %139 = arith.cmpi sge, %138, %1 : i64
          cf.cond_br %139, ^bb36, ^bb37
          ^bb36:
            cf.br ^bb35
          ^bb37:
            cf.br ^bb38
          ^bb38:
          %141 = llvm.getelementptr %85[%138] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
          %140 = llvm.load %141 : !llvm.ptr -> i8
          %142 = arith.constant 0 : i32
          %144 = arith.extsi %140 : i8 to i32
          %143 = arith.cmpi eq, %144, %142 : i32
          cf.cond_br %143, ^bb39, ^bb40
          ^bb39:
            %145 = arith.constant 1 : i32
            %146 = arith.trunci %145 : i32 to i8
            %147 = llvm.getelementptr %85[%138] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i8
            llvm.store %146, %147 : i8, !llvm.ptr
            %148 = llvm.load %94 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
            %149 = arith.constant 1 : i32
            %151 = arith.extsi %149 : i32 to i64
            %150 = arith.addi %148, %151 : i64
            llvm.store %150, %94 : i64, !llvm.ptr
            cf.br ^bb41
          ^bb40:
            cf.br ^bb41
          ^bb41:
          %152 = llvm.load %127 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
          %153 = arith.constant 1 : i32
          %154 = arith.addi %152, %153 : i32
          llvm.store %154, %127 : i32, !llvm.ptr
          cf.br ^bb33
        ^bb35:
        %155 = llvm.load %112 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
        %156 = arith.constant 1 : i32
        %157 = arith.addi %155, %156 : i32
        llvm.store %157, %112 : i32, !llvm.ptr
        cf.br ^bb27
      ^bb29:
      %158 = llvm.load %97 : !llvm.ptr -> i32
      %159 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %160 = arith.addi %158, %159 : i32
      llvm.store %160, %97 : i32, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb21
    ^bb23:
    %161 = llvm.mlir.addressof @str_0 : !llvm.ptr
    %162 = llvm.load %94 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    %163 = llvm.call @printf(%161, %162) vararg(!llvm.func<i32 (ptr, ...)>) : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> i32
    func.call @free(%3) : (!llvm.ptr) -> ()
    func.call @free(%7) : (!llvm.ptr) -> ()
    func.call @free(%85) : (!llvm.ptr) -> ()
    %167 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    func.return %167 : i32
  }
}