Problem 290

Count n < 10^18 with digit_sum(n) = digit_sum(137*n).

Answer20444710234716473
Output20444710234716473
StatusPASS
Native helperno
Runtime0 ms
Peak memory6032 KB
Time complexityO(n log n) (estimated)
Space complexityO(n) (estimated)

Performance comparison

MetricOur solutionBest known
Time complexityO(n log n)O(n log log n)
Space complexityO(n)O(n)
ApproachFlow solutionSieve or enumeration
VerdictSuboptimal

Flow source

# Project Euler 290
# Count n < 10^18 with digit_sum(n) = digit_sum(137*n).

extern {
    function calloc(n: i64, size: i64) -> ptr<void>
    function free(p: ptr<void>) -> void
}

function digit_sum(x0: i64) -> i64 {
    let mut x: i64 = x0
    let mut result: i64 = 0
    while x > 0 {
        result = result + x % 10
        x = x / 10
    }
    return result
}

function search(num_digits: i64, u: i64, v: i64, cache: ptr<i64>) -> i64 {
    let SIGNATURE: i64 = 137
    let idx: i64 = ((num_digits * 137 + u) * 240) + (v + 120)
    if cache[idx] != -1 { return cache[idx] }
    if num_digits == 1 {
        let mut result: i64 = 0
        let mut digit: i64 = 0
        while digit < 10 {
            if digit_sum(SIGNATURE * digit + u) + v == digit {
                result = result + 1
            }
            digit = digit + 1
        }
        cache[idx] = result
        return result
    }
    let mut result: i64 = 0
    let mut digit: i64 = 0
    while digit < 10 {
        let next_u: i64 = (SIGNATURE * digit + u) / 10
        let next_v: i64 = (SIGNATURE * digit + u) % 10 + v - digit
        result = result + search(num_digits - 1, next_u, next_v, cache)
        digit = digit + 1
    }
    cache[idx] = result
    return result
}

function main() -> i32 {
    let size: i64 = (18 + 1) * 137 * 240
    let cache: ptr<i64> = calloc(size, 8)
    if cache == null { return 1 }
    let mut i: i64 = 0
    while i < size {
        cache[i] = -1
        i = i + 1
    }
    printf("%lld\n", search(18, 0, 0, cache))
    free(cache)
    return 0
}

Generated C

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

/* Flow runtime helpers */
typedef struct flow_temp_node { struct flow_temp_node* next; } flow_temp_node;
static flow_temp_node* flow_temp_head = NULL;
static int flow_temp_atexit_set = 0;
__attribute__((unused)) static void flow_temp_free_all(void) {
    while (flow_temp_head) {
        flow_temp_node* n = flow_temp_head;
        flow_temp_head = n->next;
        free(n);
    }
}
__attribute__((unused)) static void* flow_temp_alloc(size_t nbytes) {
    flow_temp_node* node = (flow_temp_node*)malloc(sizeof(flow_temp_node) + nbytes);
    if (!node) return NULL;
    node->next = flow_temp_head;
    flow_temp_head = node;
    if (!flow_temp_atexit_set) {
        flow_temp_atexit_set = 1;
        atexit(flow_temp_free_all);
    }
    return (void*)(node + 1);
}
#ifndef FLOW_DIAG
#define FLOW_DIAG(msg) fprintf(stderr, "%s", (msg))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_LOG
#define FLOW_LOG(fmt, ...) printf(fmt, __VA_ARGS__)
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_LOG_EMPTY
#define FLOW_LOG_EMPTY(fmt) printf(fmt)
#endif
static char* flow_strcat(const char* a, const char* b) {
    size_t la = strlen(a ? a : ""), lb = strlen(b ? b : "");
    char* r = (char*)flow_temp_alloc(la + lb + 1);
    if (!r) return NULL;
    if (la) memcpy(r, a, la);
    if (lb) memcpy(r + la, b, lb);
    r[la + lb] = '\0';
    return r;
}

#define __flow_in_arr(arr, val) __extension__ ({ \
    int _found = 0; \
    size_t _n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof((arr)[0]); \
    for (size_t _i = 0; _i < _n; _i++) { \
        if ((arr)[_i] == (val)) { _found = 1; break; } \
    } _found; })

/* Unified fault handler (MISRA #279) — override with -DFLOW_FAULT_HANDLER=fn */
#ifndef FLOW_FAULT_HANDLER
__attribute__((unused)) static inline void flow_fault_handler(const char* msg) {
    fprintf(stderr, "flow: %s\n", msg ? msg : "fault");
    abort();
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
    __builtin_unreachable();
#endif
}
#else
#define flow_fault_handler FLOW_FAULT_HANDLER
#endif
#define flow_div_by_zero_handler() flow_fault_handler("division by zero")
#define flow_shift_ub_handler() flow_fault_handler("invalid shift (amount out of range or left-shift of negative)")

#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_DIV
#define FLOW_CHECKED_DIV(L, R) (((R) != 0) ? ((L) / (R)) : (flow_div_by_zero_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_MOD
#define FLOW_CHECKED_MOD(L, R) (((R) != 0) ? ((L) % (R)) : (flow_div_by_zero_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_SHL
#define FLOW_CHECKED_SHL(L, R) ((((R) >= 0) && ((unsigned long long)(R) < (sizeof(L) * 8ull)) && ((L) >= 0)) ? ((L) << (R)) : (flow_shift_ub_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif
#ifndef FLOW_CHECKED_SHR
#define FLOW_CHECKED_SHR(L, R) ((((R) >= 0) && ((unsigned long long)(R) < (sizeof(L) * 8ull))) ? ((L) >> (R)) : (flow_shift_ub_handler(), (L) * 0))
#endif

#include <math.h>

void* _ui_state = NULL;

static inline float i32_to_f32(int32_t v) { return (float)v; }

/* Host stub for @gpu kernels (device codegen replaces this). */
static inline int32_t gpu_thread_id(void) { return 0; }

int64_t digit_sum_i64(int64_t x0);
int64_t search_i64_i64_i64_ptr_i64(int64_t num_digits, int64_t u, int64_t v, int64_t* cache);
int32_t main(void);



int64_t digit_sum_i64(int64_t x0) {
    int64_t x = x0;
    int64_t result = 0;
    while (x > 0) {
        result = (result + FLOW_CHECKED_MOD((x), (10)));
        x = FLOW_CHECKED_DIV((x), (10));
    }
    return result;
}

int64_t search_i64_i64_i64_ptr_i64(int64_t num_digits, int64_t u, int64_t v, int64_t* cache) {
    int64_t SIGNATURE = 137;
    int64_t idx = ((((num_digits * 137) + u) * 240) + (v + 120));
    if (cache[idx] != (-1)) {
        return cache[idx];
    }
    if (num_digits == 1) {
        int64_t result = 0;
        int64_t digit = 0;
        while (digit < 10) {
            if ((digit_sum_i64(((SIGNATURE * digit) + u)) + v) == digit) {
                result = (result + 1);
            }
            digit = (digit + 1);
        }
        cache[idx] = result;
        return result;
    }
    int64_t result = 0;
    int64_t digit = 0;
    while (digit < 10) {
        int64_t next_u = FLOW_CHECKED_DIV((((SIGNATURE * digit) + u)), (10));
        int64_t next_v = ((FLOW_CHECKED_MOD((((SIGNATURE * digit) + u)), (10)) + v) - digit);
        result = (result + search_i64_i64_i64_ptr_i64((num_digits - 1), next_u, next_v, cache));
        digit = (digit + 1);
    }
    cache[idx] = result;
    return result;
}

int32_t main(void) {
    int64_t size = (((18 + 1) * 137) * 240);
    int64_t* cache = (int64_t*)(calloc(size, 8));
    if (cache == NULL) {
        return 1;
    }
    int64_t i = 0;
    while (i < size) {
        cache[i] = (-1);
        i = (i + 1);
    }
    printf("%lld\n", search_i64_i64_i64_ptr_i64(18, 0, 0, cache));
    free(cache);
    return 0;
}

Generated MLIR

module {
  llvm.func @printf(!llvm.ptr, ...) -> i32
  llvm.mlir.global internal constant @str_0("%lld\n\00") {addr_space = 0 : i32} : !llvm.array<6 x i8>
  func.func private @calloc(i64, i64) -> !llvm.ptr
  func.func private @free(!llvm.ptr) -> ()
  func.func @digit_sum(%arg0: i64) -> i64 {
    %0 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %1 = llvm.alloca %0 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %arg0, %1 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    %2 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %3 = arith.extsi %2 : i32 to i64
    %4 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %5 = llvm.alloca %4 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %3, %5 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    cf.br ^bb0
    ^bb0:
    %6 = llvm.load %1 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    %7 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %9 = arith.extsi %7 : i32 to i64
    %8 = arith.cmpi sgt, %6, %9 : i64
    cf.cond_br %8, ^bb1, ^bb2
    ^bb1:
      %10 = llvm.load %5 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %11 = llvm.load %1 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %12 = arith.constant 10 : i32
      %14 = arith.extsi %12 : i32 to i64
      %13 = arith.remsi %11, %14 : i64
      %15 = arith.addi %10, %13 : i64
      llvm.store %15, %5 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      %16 = llvm.load %1 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %17 = arith.constant 10 : i32
      %19 = arith.extsi %17 : i32 to i64
      %18 = arith.divsi %16, %19 : i64
      llvm.store %18, %1 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb0
    ^bb2:
    %20 = llvm.load %5 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    func.return %20 : i64
  }
  func.func @search(%arg0: i64, %arg1: i64, %arg2: i64, %arg3: !llvm.ptr) -> i64 {
    %21 = arith.constant 137 : i32
    %22 = arith.extsi %21 : i32 to i64
    %23 = arith.constant 137 : i32
    %25 = arith.extsi %23 : i32 to i64
    %24 = arith.muli %arg0, %25 : i64
    %26 = arith.addi %24, %arg1 : i64
    %27 = arith.constant 240 : i32
    %29 = arith.extsi %27 : i32 to i64
    %28 = arith.muli %26, %29 : i64
    %30 = arith.constant 120 : i32
    %32 = arith.extsi %30 : i32 to i64
    %31 = arith.addi %arg2, %32 : i64
    %33 = arith.addi %28, %31 : i64
    %35 = llvm.getelementptr %arg3[%33] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i64
    %34 = llvm.load %35 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    %36 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %38 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %37 = arith.subi %38, %36 : i32
    %40 = arith.extsi %37 : i32 to i64
    %39 = arith.cmpi ne, %34, %40 : i64
    cf.cond_br %39, ^bb3, ^bb4
    ^bb3:
      %42 = llvm.getelementptr %arg3[%33] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i64
      %41 = llvm.load %42 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      func.return %41 : i64
    ^bb4:
      cf.br ^bb5
    ^bb5:
    %43 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %45 = arith.extsi %43 : i32 to i64
    %44 = arith.cmpi eq, %arg0, %45 : i64
    cf.cond_br %44, ^bb6, ^bb7
    ^bb6:
      %46 = arith.constant 0 : i32
      %47 = arith.extsi %46 : i32 to i64
      %48 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
      %49 = llvm.alloca %48 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
      llvm.store %47, %49 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      %50 = arith.constant 0 : i32
      %51 = arith.extsi %50 : i32 to i64
      %52 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
      %53 = llvm.alloca %52 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
      llvm.store %51, %53 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb9
      ^bb9:
      %54 = llvm.load %53 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %55 = arith.constant 10 : i32
      %57 = arith.extsi %55 : i32 to i64
      %56 = arith.cmpi slt, %54, %57 : i64
      cf.cond_br %56, ^bb10, ^bb11
      ^bb10:
        %59 = llvm.load %53 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
        %60 = arith.muli %22, %59 : i64
        %61 = arith.addi %60, %arg1 : i64
        %58 = func.call @digit_sum(%61) : (i64) -> i64
        %62 = arith.addi %58, %arg2 : i64
        %63 = llvm.load %53 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
        %64 = arith.cmpi eq, %62, %63 : i64
        cf.cond_br %64, ^bb12, ^bb13
        ^bb12:
          %65 = llvm.load %49 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
          %66 = arith.constant 1 : i32
          %68 = arith.extsi %66 : i32 to i64
          %67 = arith.addi %65, %68 : i64
          llvm.store %67, %49 : i64, !llvm.ptr
          cf.br ^bb14
        ^bb13:
          cf.br ^bb14
        ^bb14:
        %69 = llvm.load %53 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
        %70 = arith.constant 1 : i32
        %72 = arith.extsi %70 : i32 to i64
        %71 = arith.addi %69, %72 : i64
        llvm.store %71, %53 : i64, !llvm.ptr
        cf.br ^bb9
      ^bb11:
      %73 = llvm.load %49 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %74 = llvm.getelementptr %arg3[%33] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i64
      llvm.store %73, %74 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      %75 = llvm.load %49 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      func.return %75 : i64
    ^bb7:
      cf.br ^bb8
    ^bb8:
    %76 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %77 = arith.extsi %76 : i32 to i64
    %78 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %79 = llvm.alloca %78 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %77, %79 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    %80 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %81 = arith.extsi %80 : i32 to i64
    %82 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %83 = llvm.alloca %82 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %81, %83 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    cf.br ^bb15
    ^bb15:
    %84 = llvm.load %83 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    %85 = arith.constant 10 : i32
    %87 = arith.extsi %85 : i32 to i64
    %86 = arith.cmpi slt, %84, %87 : i64
    cf.cond_br %86, ^bb16, ^bb17
    ^bb16:
      %88 = llvm.load %83 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %89 = arith.muli %22, %88 : i64
      %90 = arith.addi %89, %arg1 : i64
      %91 = arith.constant 10 : i32
      %93 = arith.extsi %91 : i32 to i64
      %92 = arith.divsi %90, %93 : i64
      %94 = llvm.load %83 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %95 = arith.muli %22, %94 : i64
      %96 = arith.addi %95, %arg1 : i64
      %97 = arith.constant 10 : i32
      %99 = arith.extsi %97 : i32 to i64
      %98 = arith.remsi %96, %99 : i64
      %100 = arith.addi %98, %arg2 : i64
      %101 = llvm.load %83 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %102 = arith.subi %100, %101 : i64
      %103 = llvm.load %79 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %105 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %107 = arith.extsi %105 : i32 to i64
      %106 = arith.subi %arg0, %107 : i64
      %104 = func.call @search(%106, %92, %102, %arg3) : (i64, i64, i64, !llvm.ptr) -> i64
      %108 = arith.addi %103, %104 : i64
      llvm.store %108, %79 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      %109 = llvm.load %83 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %110 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %112 = arith.extsi %110 : i32 to i64
      %111 = arith.addi %109, %112 : i64
      llvm.store %111, %83 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb15
    ^bb17:
    %113 = llvm.load %79 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    %114 = llvm.getelementptr %arg3[%33] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i64
    llvm.store %113, %114 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    %115 = llvm.load %79 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    func.return %115 : i64
  }
  func.func @main() -> i32 {
    %116 = arith.constant 18 : i32
    %117 = arith.constant 1 : i32
    %118 = arith.addi %116, %117 : i32
    %119 = arith.constant 137 : i32
    %120 = arith.muli %118, %119 : i32
    %121 = arith.constant 240 : i32
    %122 = arith.muli %120, %121 : i32
    %123 = arith.extsi %122 : i32 to i64
    %125 = arith.constant 8 : i32
    %126 = arith.extsi %125 : i32 to i64
    %124 = func.call @calloc(%123, %126) : (i64, i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    %127 = llvm.mlir.zero : !llvm.ptr
    %128 = llvm.icmp "eq" %124, %127 : !llvm.ptr
    cf.cond_br %128, ^bb18, ^bb19
    ^bb18:
      %129 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      func.return %129 : i32
    ^bb19:
      cf.br ^bb20
    ^bb20:
    %130 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %131 = arith.extsi %130 : i32 to i64
    %132 = llvm.mlir.constant(1 : i64) : i64
    %133 = llvm.alloca %132 x i64 : (i64) -> !llvm.ptr
    llvm.store %131, %133 : i64, !llvm.ptr
    cf.br ^bb21
    ^bb21:
    %134 = llvm.load %133 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
    %135 = arith.cmpi slt, %134, %123 : i64
    cf.cond_br %135, ^bb22, ^bb23
    ^bb22:
      %136 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %138 = arith.constant 0 : i32
      %137 = arith.subi %138, %136 : i32
      %139 = llvm.load %133 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %140 = arith.extsi %137 : i32 to i64
      %141 = llvm.getelementptr %124[%139] : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> !llvm.ptr, i64
      llvm.store %140, %141 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      %142 = llvm.load %133 : !llvm.ptr -> i64
      %143 = arith.constant 1 : i32
      %145 = arith.extsi %143 : i32 to i64
      %144 = arith.addi %142, %145 : i64
      llvm.store %144, %133 : i64, !llvm.ptr
      cf.br ^bb21
    ^bb23:
    %146 = llvm.mlir.addressof @str_0 : !llvm.ptr
    %148 = arith.constant 18 : i32
    %149 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %150 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    %151 = arith.extsi %148 : i32 to i64
    %152 = arith.extsi %149 : i32 to i64
    %153 = arith.extsi %150 : i32 to i64
    %147 = func.call @search(%151, %152, %153, %124) : (i64, i64, i64, !llvm.ptr) -> i64
    %154 = llvm.call @printf(%146, %147) vararg(!llvm.func<i32 (ptr, ...)>) : (!llvm.ptr, i64) -> i32
    func.call @free(%124) : (!llvm.ptr) -> ()
    %156 = arith.constant 0 : i32
    func.return %156 : i32
  }
}